This special issue contains articles and research notes authored by scholars from Canada, the United States, Asia-Pacific, and Europe on the roles of Indigenous people in armed forces. The contributors’ explorations of varied forms of military service by Indigenous people(s), political and cultural challenges that Indigenous personnel faced, and sacrifices made in Canada and in other countries, encourages further dialogue on how Indigenous service can be rooted in trustful relationships and how respect for Indigenous cultures, values, and knowledge can inform defence policy and practice.